A Developmental Approach to Global Leadership free essay sample

A DEVELOPMENTAL APPROACH TO GLOBAL LEADERSHIP Joana S. P. Story NOVA School of Business and Economics, Portugal Global authority advancement has gotten expanded consideration as of late from specialists and scientists. Drawing from worldwide outlook, valuable turn of events, and intercultural affectability written works, this article proposes a model for creating worldwide pioneers. While formative exercises are trying for most people, it is suggested that preparation local pioneers to create mental capital will encourage their development into worldwide pioneers. composing business administration in siebel Initiative is critical for authoritative accomplishment in this globalized economy. Most of pioneers manage the truth of the worldwide economy consistently. In spite of this reality, most pioneers have not been prepared, instructed, and arranged to manage the multifaceted nature of this condition (Black Mendenhall, 2007). Likewise, almost no examination has investigated the stuff to build up a ? worldwide pioneer? (Smith Peterson, 2002). The writing on worldwide authority gives numerous articles that state attributes, qualities, and mentalities of effective worldwide pioneers; yet scarcely any endeavor to establish a framework on the best way to really form people into worldwide pioneers (Hall, Zhu, Yan, 2001). We will compose a custom article test on A Developmental Approach to Global Leadership or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The absence of exploration around there is evident and it reflects the void of associations, as 85% of Fortune 500 officials accept that their association needs proficient worldwide pioneers (Gregersen, Morrison, Black, 1998; Morrison, 2000). With the undeniably worldwide condition, pioneers are presented to numerous intricate difficulties and what we think about authority hypothesis and advancement may not, at this point be compelling in this worldwide setting (Robinson Harvey, 2008). Sloan, Hazucha, and Van Katwyk (2003) attested that worldwide administration advancement ought to be a piece of the vital arrangement of any association that needs to thrive in the worldwide market. The reason for this paper is to give a model to worldwide initiative turn of events. The model demonstrates that there are three stages important for a pioneer to turn into a worldwide pioneer. Pioneers need to build up a worldwide mentality, build up a self-wrote personality, and build up an adjustment perspective. Given that these are testing formative exercises, it is additionally recommended that people create mental money to encourage their worldwide administration. improvement process. Hence, mental capital was included as a directing variable in the model, which implies that people who have trust, adequacy, flexibility, and idealism will be more probable build up a worldwide outlook, a self-wrote personality, and social affectability. Worldwide Leadership Global authority has been characterized as ? being equipped for working adequately in a worldwide domain while being deferential of social assorted variety? (Harris, Moran, Moran, 2004, p. 25). While setting a solitary meaning of worldwide initiative is key so as to examine it, the marvel it is still difficult to comprehend. The worldwide initiative writing draws from various fields that don‘t appear to convey effectively. In an audit of the writing, Hollenbeck (2001) contended that there are six viewpoints researchers have taken when considering worldwide administration: seeing worldwide pioneers as working across social and national limits; seeing worldwide initiative as multifaceted authority; seeing worldwide authority as ostracize initiative; analyzing the characteristics, sparks, mentalities, abilities, and individual foundation to construct a profile of what a perfect worldwide pioneer would resemble; contending that initiative writing doesn‘t separate among worldwide and local pioneers; lastly, seeing grown-up learning written works. Universal Journal of Leadership Studies, Vol. 6 Iss. 3, 2011 Â © 2011 School of Global Leadership Entrepreneurship, Regent University http://www. official. edu/acad/worldwide/distributions/ijls/new/vol6iss3/4_Story_pp375-389. pdf

Using German Participles as Adjectives and Adverbs

Utilizing German Participles as Adjectives and Adverbs As in English, the past participle of a German action word might be utilized as a modifier or qualifier. In English,â stolenâ is the past participle of the verbâ to take. The wordâ stolenâ can be utilized as a modifier, as in: â€Å"Thats aâ stolenâ car.† Similarly, in German the past participleâ gestohlenâ (fromstehlen, to take) can likewise be utilized as a descriptive word: â€Å"Das ist ein gestohlenes Auto.† The main noteworthy contrast between the ways that English and German utilize the past participle as a descriptive word is the way that, in contrast to English modifiers, German descriptors must have a proper consummation on the off chance that they go before a thing. (Notice the - esâ ending in the model above. Increasingly about descriptive word endings in Lesson 5 and Adjective Endings.) obviously, it likewise helps on the off chance that you realize the right past participle structures to utilize. A past participle such asâ interessiertâ (interested) can likewise be utilized as a verb modifier: â€Å"Wir saheninteressiertâ zu.† (â€Å"We watchedâ interestedly/with interest.†) Present Participles In contrast to its English equal, the current participle in German is utilized solely as a modifier or qualifier. For different utilizations, German present participles are typically supplanted by nominalized action words (action words utilized as things) -  das Lesenâ (reading),â das Schwimmenâ (swimming) - to work like English ing words, for example. In English, the current participle has a - ingending. In German the current participle finishes in - end:â weinendâ (crying),â pfeifendâ (whistling),schlafendâ (sleeping). In German, â€Å"aâ sleepingâ child† is â€Å"ein schlafendes Kind.† As with any descriptive word in German, the closure must fit the syntactic setting, for this situation a - esâ ending (fix/das). Many present participle descriptive word phrases in German are interpreted with a relative proviso or an appositive expression in English. For instance, â€Å"Der schnell vorbeifahrende Zug machte groãÿen Lrm,† would be, â€Å"The train, which wasâ quickly cruising by, made a colossal noise,† as opposed to the strict, â€Å"The rapidly passing via train...† At the point when utilized as verb modifiers, German present participles are dealt with like some other qualifier, and the English interpretation as a rule puts the intensifier or word intensifying expression toward the end: â€Å"Er kamâ pfeifendâ ins Zimmer.† â€Å"He came into the roomâ whistling.† Present participles are utilized more regularly recorded as a hard copy than in communicated in German. Youll stumble into them a great deal when understanding books, magazines, or papers.

Expressing Quantity in French - Zero, None - Pas De

Communicating Quantity in French - Zero, None - Pas De Theres a ton to remember while communicating amounts in French. We haveâ studiedâ how to communicate vague amounts, du, de la, de l, des, at that point how to communicate explicit amounts, numbers and articulations of amount, so now for the last part: when there is not much, zip, no! 1 - The Quantity Is None Aha! I wager you didnt consider that one! Indeed, zero is likewise an amount. Which implies when you state I dont have cash (join the club), you are utilizing an amount. You could be stating I dont have any cash, however the any is frequently forgotten about in regular speech.â Along these lines, on the off chance that you needed to really say zero, well that is simple, its a number: - jai zã ©ro talk (I have zero feline). Be that as it may, where it gets entangled is the point at which you utilize a negative. I dont have (any) cat.â In French, marry say something like I dont have none of feline. It would be ideal if you dont consider it thusly, in light of the fact that youd never state that in English, so deciphering doesnt work. I am trying to say it to clarify, yet its progressively intelligent to consider it pas being an amount, in this way followed by de/d in French. Je nai pas de visit. (I dont have any cat)Je nai pas de fille. (I dont have a daughter)Je nai pas de lait. (I dont have milk)Je nai pas denfants (I dont have kids) What's more, obviously, there is a fundamental special case. This standard doesnt apply when your action word is à ªtre (to be). So with à ªtre in the negative, you state a similar thing as in the certifiable. Je suis une fille. Je ne suis pas une fille. (I am a young lady. I am not a young lady). 2 - Adjectives of Quantity Are Not Followed by De/d Aucun/e/s and plusieur/s are descriptive words. They dont need an article. Jai plusieurs talks - I have a few cats.Je nai aucun ami - I have no companion, I dont have a solitary companion, I dont have any companion.. 3 - To Recap A few things are anything but difficult to evaluate: one apple. It’s an entire apple. You normally purchase, eat, need one, 2, 3 apples. But you may choose to be dubious, and state â€Å"des pommes† mutiple, yet I don’t know precisely what number of. Presently, a few things are less effectively quantifiable†¦ You don’t purchase â€Å"one rice†. You purchase either â€Å"one kilo of rice† (a kilo of, a declaration of amount), or â€Å"some rice† (vague amount of a thing which isn't effectively quantifiable). So you have to ask yourself: Am I discussing... A very specificâ quantity (a number, or a declaration of amount : une pomme, 5 pommes, un kilo de pommes, une bouteille deau†¦).An unknown amount of a thing (du vin), or an undefined amount of something that you can't evaluate effectively (du riz, de la patience)More than one of a thing, yet an unclear plural amount (des pommes)No thing by any stretch of the imagination (pas de pomme) This is a great deal to take in. Peruse theseâ lessons over two or multiple times and even read it so anyone can hear so you truly set aside the effort to comprehend and process everything.

Sample Outline of Argument Essay - Should Marijuana Be Legalized?

Sample Outline of Argument Essay - Should Marijuana Be Legalized?The first step to writing a sample outline of an argument essay for drug legalization is to understand the pros and cons of legalization. Marijuana has been legalized in several states. Some people argue that legalization is not as great as it sounds because it is not very legal. Others argue that legalizing marijuana will lead to more tax money being spent on the drug.It is important to outline a good argument against legalization, or legalization at least, prior to writing your essay. You must consider the consequences of legalization. For example, do you want more money to be spent on police and criminal justice? Or do you prefer to see less money spent on law enforcement?Arguments against legalization are not always logical. It is difficult to prove which side is right without extensive research. Even if legalization happens in the near future, it will take time before we can actually measure the effect legalization has had on the crime rate.In addition, public opinion on this issue may change in the near future. There have been instances where people vote for the legalization of marijuana and then after it happens they vote against it.Drugs can negatively affect everyone around the user. However, it is beneficial for people to use these drugs when they need them as it gives them relief.However, many people believe that people who abuse drugs should not be allowed to use marijuana. They argue that these people are criminals and should be locked up instead of enjoying a free drug.This public opinion has made many people want to legalize drugs at least for the time being. And since most states have now legalized marijuana, it is only a matter of time before the rest of the country follows suit.A good research plan should include studying the pros and cons of legalizing marijuana and applying it to your essay topic. The best way to do this is by writing an outline of argument essay on this topic.

One World Down the Drain Essay Example For Students

One World Down the Drain Essay Investigate how the artist presents his musings and emotions about what's going on in his general surroundings in â€Å"One World Down the Drain†Ã‚ Simon Rae’s â€Å"One World Down the Drain† endeavors to raise the mindfulness over the issue of contamination on the planet, and the need to assume liability. All through the sonnet an easygoing tone is kept up as a joyful articulation to draw in the reader’s consideration and look after enthusiasm, just as the steady utilization of monosyllabic words to show the basic disappointment of the artist to the peruser. The title of the sonnet â€Å"One World Drown the Drain† was utilized by the artist so as to speak to the danger of the world going â€Å"down the drain†, which the crowd can connection to the issue of contamination and rising ocean levels. The title likewise makes utilize the words â€Å"down the drain† as a representation for individuals not understanding that the issue of contamination is probably going to influence them later on, and isn't constrained to the nations expressed all through the poem. The sonnet opens with the easygoing statement: â€Å"It’s farewell half of Egypt, The Maldives take a dive, And very little a greater amount of Bangladesh, Looks prone to survive.† Showing the utilization of joyful articulations where the writer decides to utilize an easygoing tone so as to attract the peruser, giving the initial refrain a comparable tone to a melody so as to make a beneficial outcome on the peruser and urge them to consider the announcements. The areas referenced have been chosen by the writer because of the way that at present they are the most hazard from the impact of rising ocean levels because of contamination, and their decision to be utilized in the initial refrain of the sonnet is utilized to give a message to the crowd of the immanency of the risks. Anyway the perils are not unequivocally expressed at this point so as to urge the peruser to keep thoroughly considering this issue and as a type of attracting the peruser further. The reference to the nations under danger, for example, â€Å"It’s farewell to Egypt† present the nations as a traveler area instead of genuine spots that are occupied, utilized by the writer as a type of analysis for industrialism, where the intended interest group of the sonnet isn't worried about contamination. The artist endeavors to build up the antagonism of the issue of contamination by carrying the subject to the audience’s own territory, proposing that â€Å"Europe also will alter†, so as to bring issues to light that the issue is going to influence the crowd and not simply the nations which are now in danger. The writer endeavors to underline the significance of the decisions that individuals make by utilizing incongruity, proposing to â€Å"book trips to Venice now†, in spite of flight being one of the most dirtying types of transport. The artist parts of the bargains â€Å"Great city. Pity. Ciao†, expecting to emulate the assessments of the more extensive crowd who don't comprehend the significance of the earth, and again in further analysis of industrialism where the territories are viewed as a visitor goal instead of a genuine occupied region. The short syllables utilized by the writer demonstrate his dissatisfaction and endeavors to copy the indiscretion of the crowd, utilizing short wording so as to speak to the â€Å"short† contemplations of the crowd showing their absence of care for the issue, just as utilizing the articulation â€Å"Ciao† in a taunting tone to deride people’s perspectives. This is stressed in the following stanza: â€Å"But we don’t care, We wont be there, Our corrosive nursery party†,â which states the planned depiction to the crowd, and proposes that the thinking behind the numbness is that â€Å"We won’t be there†, and that the crowd won't have the option to feel the aftereffects of their own actions. The writer presents his supposition that the world is being harmed by the individuals who don't think about the results of their activities, utilizing a similitude of â€Å"Our corrosive nursery gathering will convey on†, comparing the circumstance to a gathering where the members don't recognize the outcomes of their activities until they have just occurred. .ud15223cb37e7cba6c5eb2555f507a6db , .ud15223cb37e7cba6c5eb2555f507a6db .postImageUrl , .ud15223cb37e7cba6c5eb2555f507a6db .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .ud15223cb37e7cba6c5eb2555f507a6db , .ud15223cb37e7cba6c5eb2555f507a6db:hover , .ud15223cb37e7cba6c5eb2555f507a6db:visited , .ud15223cb37e7cba6c5eb2555f507a6db:active { border:0!important; } .ud15223cb37e7cba6c5eb2555f507a6db .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .ud15223cb37e7cba6c5eb2555f507a6db { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; murkiness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .ud15223cb37e7cba6c5eb2555f507a6db:active , .ud15223cb37e7cba6c5eb2555f507a6db:hover { darkness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .ud15223cb37e7cba6c5eb2555f507a6db .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relativ e; } .ud15223cb37e7cba6c5eb2555f507a6db .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content adornment: underline; } .ud15223cb37e7cba6c5eb2555f507a6db .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .ud15223cb37e7cba6c5eb2555f507a6db .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; fringe sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-outskirt span: 3px; content adjust: focus; content embellishment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud15223cb37e7cba6c5eb2555f507a6db:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .ud15223cb37e7cba6c5eb2555f507a6db .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .ud15223cb37e7cba6c5eb2555f507a6db-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .ud15223cb37e7cba6c5eb2555f507a6db:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Women Who Changed the World: Rosa Parks EssayThis impersonation of inconsiderateness is rehashed by the writer utilizing the articulation â€Å"so misfortune Kiribati†, consolidating a feeling sorry for tone and a deriding tone to additionally impart his dissatisfaction. In continuation of his disappointment, the writer quickens the circumstance by expressly expressing the issue, giving the genuine image of the situation: â€Å"And the various atolls That sink underneath the seas, The millions who will endure from Drought, starvation and disease.†Ã¢ in request to obviously show the crowd the real reasonable outcomes and furthermore as evidence to the crowd that the artist isn't whining over a non-existent issue. The writer proceeds by utilizing a taunting tone, impersonation of the audience’s own thoughts: â€Å"The climate map is changing, But what are we to do? Let’s have another conference On the ills of CO2†. Incongruity is additionally utilized by the artist as it recommends a potential arrangement is to â€Å"have another gathering on the ills of CO2†, in spite of the way that to send government authorities via plane to a meeting is now dirtying and proposes that the gatherings are in actuality pointless and that nothing will come out of the gatherings, scorning the administration. The utilization of incongruity is proceeded so as to communicate the worries of the writer over the activities that individuals intend to take, and is utilized so as to in a roundabout way condemn the administration whose feelings are imitated as â€Å"Do not cause trouble, We’re doing our best†, recommending that the absence of activity taken by the legislature is because of their enthusiasm for exchange, and this has a higher need than rolling out an improvement for what's to come. The sonnet closes with â€Å"(The future has no vote)†, so as to show the crowd that the current activities will influence the future and that it is essential to start making a move now. The artist likewise decides to utilize sections with this so as to show how the artist accepts that this idea has been pushed aside, and left till the end notwithstanding the way that it is critical to understand this issue. â€Å"One World Down the Drain† endeavors to bring issues to light over the issue of contamination and urges the crowd to consider their moves and to make duty, because of the way that the activities of the current will influence what's to come. The writer likewise utilizes disparaging tones and incongruity as a type of analysis at the legislature to recommend the government’s absence of care over the issue of the earth and how the issue is getting a greater amount of a bit of hindsight instead of a need.

Pluto free essay sample

In the accompanying paper the issues of Pluto Telecommunications will be plot and dissected with proposals offered regarding how the issues can be tended to. ID of the Problems: Correspondence has disintegrated between the three divisions so that â€Å"they are really neutralizing one another†. This separate has brought about lost requests and an expansion in the quantity of protests from clients. A considerable lot of the issues experienced most likely come from the quick development experienced by the organization in the course of the most recent a year. Ms Tsang is looked by the accompanying issues: (an) Each division has its own points and inspirations which are for the most part not quite the same as one another office. Henceforth there are three office subcultures that are not all coordinated and are working nearly as three separate organizations. It is nothing unexpected that between division correspondence is poor. (b) Ms Tsang has a gathering of chiefs that are not set up to voice their legitimate suppositions. (c) Ms Tsang’s initiative is faulty given that she has been not able to organize crafted by her three executives and consequently their specialties. Investigation of the issues: In the accompanying investigation Pluto Telecommunications and her issues will be considered with respect to the people, the gatherings and the association. The earth where Pluto works won't be thought of. Authoritative Level of Analysis: 1. The way of life: The disparity of the three offices and their different subcultures has made it extremely hard for the unitary hierarchical culture that Ms Tsang advances, to get built up. In truth the fast development that has happened in the most recent year has implied that this unitary vision has not been coordinated enough. It tends to be accepted that in an industry where customers’ needs are quickly developing that Pluto’s culture has a solid spotlight on flexibility. This has implied that singular offices have built up their own subcultures unchecked and consequently there is nobody single perspective on what is, and what isn't, satisfactory. 2. The structure: The business is based on departmental storehouses. Every office reports to every division head who at that point reports to Ms Tsang. Mathew Craven reports that â€Å"(such) separation may without a doubt be proper for the fierce and unsure broadcast communications condition and this accords with hypotheses of structure-condition fit with the different gatherings in the organization having the option to react to changes in innovation sensibly proficiently. The issues emerge from the absence of coordination of the divisions with the executives scholars pushing departmental association and the requirement for more elevated levels of incorporation in progressively fierce, intricate and unsure conditions. Fig 1 shows that Pluto’s structure all the more intently takes after that of a robotic association that would suit working in a situation that has far less vulnerability. ‘Mechanistic’ Form Pluto Telecommunications ‘Organic’ Form Particular Tasks Particular Tasks Adaptable Tasks Standard, formal strategies Standard, formal strategies Exceptionally Informal Brought together force and control Brought together force and control Decentralized force and control Vertical Communications Vertical Communications Parallel Communications Order and Control Order and Control Counsel and Information Fig 1: Comparison of Pluto Telecommunications to the Burns Stalker model. Gathering Level of Analysis: 1. The way of life: The various societies that exist in every division have developed in view of the variable degree of vulnerability that is experienced by that office. Consequently there is an elevated level of inner separation made by contrasts in departmental structure, objectives, direction to time and relational connections. I. Deals: The business group work in an exhibition based culture. They are compensated independently and seriously and bear images, for example, organization vehicles, cell phones and workstations. These images fortify the big enchilada deals culture. ii. Client assistance: Charles (Handy, 1986) gives an exact depiction of this gathering as fitting into a Role Culture with assets being firmly controlled; the structure is profoundly formalized where position force and rules are the primary premise of impact. Authority is characterized unmistakably and the conventional work style albeit maybe reasonable for building work, will upset the office in speaking with different offices where the style is less formal. iii. Showcasing: There is unmistakably a hesitance of staff to engage with different divisions. This culture is strengthened by their geological area (London based and remote from different capacities) just as a comfortable, we as a whole went-to-college clickiness. 2. The structure: The elevated level of natural vulnerability has affected upon the structure (Lawrence and Lorsh, 1969). Fig 2 shows the distinctions in objectives and directions of the three offices. This has made a significant level of inner separation made by contrasts in departmental structure, training, objectives, and directions to time and relational connections. Deals Department Client support Department Promoting Department Objectives Sell item Quality Promoting efforts and valuing Time Horizon Short Short Long Relational Orientation Social Generally task Undertaking Custom of Structure Less formal Formal Less formal Targets Very much characterized and profoundly compensated Very much characterized and inadequately compensated Ineffectively characterized and no prize. Fig 2: The distinctions in division directions and objectives inside the association. Singular Level of Analysis: 1. Initiative of the senior group: Initiative has been characterized as the formation of a dream about an ideal future state which tries to snare all individuals from an association in its net (Bryman, 1986 refered to by Buchanan and Huczynski, 1997). In this regard Ms Tsang has fizzled. Her chiefs are blamable of Groupthink conceivably because of being associated with an exceptionally liquid and serious working condition and as such have settled on imperfect choices in order to keep up agreement in the senior group. 2. Inspiration: Fig 3 shows the distinction in office inspirations with an unmistakable predisposition towards extraneous inspirations and an inclination for driving individual execution. What's more there is unmistakably just one group that has a personal stake in advancement while showcasing seem substance to keep business as usual while client support seem concentrated on ‘just not being the most exceedingly awful performer!’. Deals Department Client assistance Department Promoting Department Inspiration Extraneous budgetary prize dependent on deals Extraneous dread of disappointment and friends recriminations Outward and identified with working conditions and so forth. Experts Drives transient conduct and brief swelling of deals None None Cons Drives singular conduct Drives a culture of sufficiently doing Drives singular conduct that may not be adjusted to the associations objectives Effects on associations with different divisions Drives singular conduct Fig 3: Motivation of divisions. Options: Fig 4 shows the different choices that are available to the association. An evaluation of the estimation of these options has been made in order to help a last proposal to the executives: Elective Account Star Con Change the association structure Rebuild to concentrate on a divisional (advertise centered) structure as opposed to the officeholder practical structure Greater undertaking objectives combination Costly Decentralization Duplication of assets Expanded self-rule Control issues with overseeing such issues as venture speculation choices Modify the prize structure Employment re-structure utilizing work improvement standards to concentrate on inborn factors just as extraneous components Greater assignment objective reconciliation Will require significant investment Lessening worker agitate and truancy Possibility of loss of control Costly Root branch senior group substitution Utilize the chance to expel the office executives and make the stimulus to change with new authority Provides a convincing and clear message that solidarity is an objective Costly New thoughts and recharged vitality Loss of experience Will set aside effort for new executives to have any kind of effect Movement Bring the entire organization under one rooftop Gives a convincing and clear message that solidarity is a goal Costly albeit overhead reserve funds in the long haul Ought to improve correspondence and departmental comprehension Problematic Build up another division Put resources into the arrangement of an office offering incorporation administrations for example venture supervisors Provides a convincing and clear message that solidarity is a goal Costly Gives aptitude in incorporation Put resources into procedures to battle Groupthink After the Cuban Missile Crisis JFK concentrated on welcoming outer specialists to share their perspectives, separating gatherings in order to decrease union and absenting himself from the gathering to abstain from squeezing his own perspective. Ms Tsang could do likewise. Increment banter An excess of contention could be unconstructive and hamper change endeavors Improve the nature of choices and make them increasingly judicious Hose inclination Fig 4: Table to show suitable other options and a fair perspective on advantages and disadvantages. Administrative Recommendations: Fig 5 shows the suggestions inside the short, medium and long haul timescales. It is foreseen that following the suggestions of Kotter and Schlesinger (1979) that a system would be embraced that included instruction correspondence. It is not out of the ordinary that in the event that the basic is to drive between departmental correspondence, at that point the procedure should start with discussing broadly with the business. Timescale Action Story Short Battle Groupthink This will include building up a cross departmental working gathering that can consider the issues that have been introduced and offering arrangements Build up a cross-utilitarian task

The Kite Runner Essay Example for Free

The Kite Runner Essay The book Kite Runner is about a child that goes through harsh minutes during his life time on account of war. The young men name is Amir, and his dad is a rich man of Pakistan. Amir calls his dad Baba and doesnt have a very decent connection with him. Amirs closest companion is called Hassan. Hassan lives in Amirs house, and is his hireling. Hassan father likewise works for Amirs father as a worker. Hassan and Amir do everything together, except there is consistently that line in them, among hireling and rich child. At the point when the Russians attacked Pakistan Amir and his dad needed to leave Pakistan, and got to California. There they needed to live as workers since they left Pakistan with every one of their effects. Pakistan was crushed as was Amir. He had left Hassan and his dad in Pakistan. So one day Amir goes to meet different Pakistanis and sees a young lady he loves. His dad gets sick and advises Amir to wed her before he bites the dust. They do get hitched and his dad bites the dust fourteen days after the fact. After amirs father kicked the bucket the couple acknowledged they couldnt have kids. So Amir turned into a significant writer. The individuals in India are exceptionally kind however pay attention to religion. There is an aggregate sum of 7 religions that have been reported. Those incorporate Buddhism, Islam, Sikhism, Jainism, Hinduism, Zoroastrianism, and Christianity. Individuals have a 54% of education level. Its normal future is around 59 years of age for guys and 60 years for females. There are 18 perceived dialects spoken in India. They are orders in two gatherings. Those are Indo-Aryan and Dravidian. There is no official language spoken in India. Indias engineering is exceptionally one of a kind in its own specific manner. Actually India possesses one of the most delightful bits of work on the planet. The name of this structure is known as the Taj Mahal. It has a round formed figure. There is a wellspring in the passageway. This structure is a vacation spot everywhere throughout the world. It was worked by a ruler that needed to give her princess a blessing in 1627. The Taj Mahal has 4 columns close to the primary structure. Before it there is an opened exhibition with loads of wellsprings. The Indian engineering is extremely recognized even in todays date. After the war in Pakistan finished, Amir chose to return to scan for his closest companion Hassan. At the point when he got to his town, he asked each living individual where Hassan could be. He found an old woman that revealed to him that Hassan was killed with his significant other and that his child was in a halfway house. Amir looked for Hassans child wherever until he discovered him. He took Hassans child back to California where Amir and his significant other brought up the kid as theirs. From the start the child had issues holding with Amir however as time passed on, the child acknowledged Amir as his dad. Show review just The above see is unformatted content This understudy composed bit of work is one of numerous that can be found in our GCSE Miscellaneous segment.

Effect of Vampires on Society

At the point when you hear the word vampire you most likely consider today’s present day sanctions, from Twilight or True Blood. As per the article â€Å"Blood Ties, The vampire Lover† By Helen T. Bailie, Today’s vampires make up book 53% of today’s book sells. Vampires in today’s picture have become animals of desire, the fantasy man of young ladies everywhere throughout the world. Before mainstream society took over vampires in stories, were beasts of loathsomeness. Pre-dating today’s mainstream society craze, vampires were utilized to clarify things that individuals didn’t comprehend, something alarming and obscure. So what has caused all postulations changes in vampire stories over time?Changing them from dreaded obscure devils to each teenager heartthrob. To discover where the change originated from we’ll take a gander at what the first vampires were believed to be and the legends related with them/Then Ill audit the early accounts of vampires followed by the assessment of stories from today’s mainstream society. Settling where the move originated from. Catching up with the effect that the effect that these accounts could be having on society today. * Vampires go back to essentially the beginning of time. In any case, the vampires that started were believed to be a sort of parasitic corpse.The first vampire â€Å"sightings† were by the Slavic people group back during the medieval times as indicated by an article titled â€Å"Was the vampire of the eighteenth century a one of a kind of dead corpse† composed by G. David Keyworth an article about the early legends of vampires. Vampires were initially thought to be made by a wide range of various ways, similar to ladies that didn’t need to be housewives, or that needed to do different things instead of cooking, cleaning and watching out for the kids were frequently thought to be under the spell of a ground-breaking vampire.The Slavic individuals accepted that vampires were produced using inappropriate entombments, being conceived with only one parent present, or simply being conceived on a specific day. While the Romanian individuals got onto the vampire pattern rapidly after the Slavic, Romanians thought vampires were produced using ladies that didn’t eat salt during the pregnancy, and in any event, being the seventh kid in the group of a similar sex. The manners in which that vampires were made may appear to be odd to you and I however they were things that in the beginning of the medieval times were viewed as off-base or not quite the same as the norms.Today’s science helps clarifies the greater part of the things that were believed to be viewed as the stamping of a vampire to be invalid. For instance accepted that expanding or staining of the body after passings were signs that the perished was going to return as a vampire. We presently realize that the meticulousness mortis sets in and causes most things after death that were believed to be indications of vampirism in the medieval times. * The individuals of these networks gave a valiant effort to shield new vampires from emerging from the ground.They attempted to shield creatures from traverse the graves, guaranteeing an appropriate internment and putting a huge amount of stones and shakes on the graves to keep the body immovably in the ground. There has even been pre-marking the individual through the heart and afterward marking them into the ground. Attempt as they may their preventive measures didn’t consistently work and there was particular proof for a vampire being near. A large portion of these early networks had similar signs that a vampire was running amuck.When animals vanished or turned up dead, blood on the mouth of the body, the body being expand openings in the ground, and furthermore vampires didn’t eat the garlic given out during chapel functions. Killing vampires in the good 'ol day s was entirely clear, drive a steak through its heart, shoot it through the final resting place or push garlic into its mouth. From this obviously risen men that could be employed to find and slaughter the vampires all through the town, everything from chapel cleric to a genuine vampire tracker, what we would now identify with as somebody that resembled Van Helsing.How effectively vampires were executed in the narratives of the medieval times aren’t truly clarified however thinking about the requirement for vampire trackers, I figure it is sheltered to state it wasn’t simple. In spite of the fact that Romania was were the first vampire stories started, vampires clearly flourished in England during the medieval times. (Keyworth 243). Most passings occurred in view of being around old carcasses yet for the most part in view of the ailments that they conveyed. A mysterious priest at Byland Abbey composed greater part of the tales of vampires.The priests and high relgious pioneers of these towns concocted these legends since they had faith in vampires, yet they likewise utilized them to control the individuals of their town. By making the best decision during life you could keep yourself from turning into a vampire in existence in the wake of death. So fundamentally the strict pioneers played on the feelings of dread of the towns individuals to keep them in chapel and keep them in line. One of the more well known accounts of this time was of two siblings that tumbled down dead one day and were covered uniquely to be seen soon thereafter strolling through the own. (Keyworth 245). These accounts spread and inevitably the entire world was on vampire alert. These accounts proceeded with well on into the 1900’s in the end vanishing gradually as the researcher got familiar with people, the body and how it worked. The principal move in these accounts was from the stories of priests to a genuine novel composed by Bram Stocker. Dracula, a story despite everything talked adjoin today, Dracula was actually the basic novel to bring vampires into fiction works.The story of a man that movements to purchase property in Transylvania from Count Dracula, acknowledging not long after getting to the mansion that he is a detainee and the Count has heavenly powers. Gradually the jonathans life partners, companion is changed over into a vampire, she is dozing strolling and as often as possible has weird stamps on her neck, Van Helsing is called into help yet definitely fizzles, the companion and Jonathan’s spouse are both in the end changed over. (Flash notes/check Dracula).Dracula was a major advance he truly acquired the dread of the obscure and speaks to the obsession with youth. Dracula’s first film in the United States goes back to 1931 where the remote angle was incorporated on, truly causing him to appear to be an outcast, from that point the following change in Dracula occurred in the 1970’s where we were acquainte d with the class of vampire stories told by the vampire, permitting the crowd to feel his distance, to nearly feel frustrated about him and despite the fact that he was malicious to feel a nearly empathy for him.The last move in the Dracula motion pictures came in 1992, where Dracula was given a role as an adoration struck beast making him significantly progressively human, increasingly relatable yet on the drawback simpler to overcome, making him a commonplace Hollywood character rather than the beast that he started in the late 1800’s After the 1970’s interpretation of Dracula there was another book that came out that truly propped the pattern up of the relatable vampires.Anne Rice’s Interview with a Vampire, alongside having the enthusiastic vampires that were estranged from society, these vampires were completely fit for emotions, something that before the 70’s truly wasn’t thought of, her vampires feel regretful, they have fears, trusts dreams and obviously boundless pity. During this time is likewise when sexual orientation jobs truly began to be tested, vampires could now be ladies. Once in a while the most remarkable vampires were in truth women.Women not playing casualty yet being equivalent to their male partners took a major move in the greater part of the vampire books and stories. The seventies were actually a period of progress for the vampire stories. The Vampires that were presented in Interview with a Vampire brought the principal genuine feeling of sexuality, it had been in stories previously however it wasn’t standard, yet suggestive sexuality between the vampires and their casualties that obviously were typically ladies turned into a gigantic piece of these accounts and the ones that would come after.But it likewise presented homoeroticism, something that was totally no-no, and put another hot flare into the vampire scene. Sexuality kept on being played up in following books and stories from the uno btrusive prompts in Interview with a Vampire to the â€Å"monsterized forceful female sexuality to the lesbian vampires f of Great Britain’s Hammer studio† (Weinstock 4) from this to the BDSM and polygamy of the Anita Blake arrangement. Sex both same and diverse sex turned into a tremendous piece of the vampires character in today’s mainstream society all beginning here.If the priests that composed the frightfulness accounts of what they thought were genuine vampires during the medieval times heard the tales of today, they would likely beginning throwing heavenly water while chuckling at what society had come to think about the beasts that had tormented their refers to. Vampires, which began as an approach to control the city, keep individuals in line, and to clarify the unexplainable. Presently you see Vampires like Edward Cullen, Bill Compton or Stefan and Damon Salvatore, even Selene, which are on the whole vampires and significant heart throbs of today.Every where you turn there is by all accounts another vampire coming out and a gigantic high school fan base to follow. The vampires in these accounts carry an alternate light to the customary vampire story, the most well known and perceptible being the vampires of Twilight that radiance in the daylight as opposed to blasting into blazes. The characters in these accounts are all piece of what is depicted as the passionate vampire, An enthusiastic vampire is characterized is a vampire that has abandoned his beast propensities and has begun attempting to follow human ethics and are battling the battle. Obscure standard 36). This new age of vampires was made by ladies for ladies, as per the article â€Å"Fearless Vampire Kissers† about the vampires in today’s most well known books and shows, by Bernard Beck. Beck goes on to expla

International accounting measures integral part of organization functioning - Free Essay Example

International Accounting includes various measures that act as an integral part of organization functioning in order to channelize all the issues related to cost and accounting so as to expand its operations internationally. There are a particular set of rules associated with this particular feature that are governed by International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). This associated perform its operations over organizations operating at global level through proper and enhanced application of international accounting standards. There has been a considerable change in the way of operation of accounting standards along with the way of their application, due to high degree of change in environmental factors. These factors need to be scanned and included in accounting standards so as to increase their efficiency. Along with the increase in the concept of globalization, there has been a considerable increase in application of this concept along with the way of its application so as to regulate and mark flow of money. (Peter Walton, 2003) Body International Accounting has become an inevitable factor for finance department of all the organization because of introduction of a large number of significant standards that could be included in its functioning. Methods using which a firm can expand its operations There are two important methods that should be taken into account for a firm to expand its functioning in international market significantly, Monetary Monetary methods are those that are mainly concerned with money, like paying or receiving money for these items. These items are generally analyzed on their face value along which helps in their better assessment. This part of expansion is generally taken care by accounting section of the organization, which also need to expand its domain of working as organizational functioning expands. Non-Monetary Non-monetary methods are those that are concerned with features not involving money. These items are measured in terms of their real values, which makes them highly variable in nature. Another aspect related with these factors is that they are referred differently in different circumstances like market value, fair value, present value, historical cost, etc. Various factors like capital values and retained income balances are also an integral part of non-monetary items. There is a continuous change in the share capital based over the real value of various elements, which makes it highly essential to make an implementation of accounting standards over these variables that will help in their apposite assessment. It is one of the most important factors that define success of a venture at international level. There is a scenario in which serviceable currencyacirc;â‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s internal value on real basis are getting highly affected by the obliteration of cash inflation especially in those countries with economies having low inflation. In above mentioned case also, there is a need for adjustment of real values of these items on a significant basis. Factors affecting success or failure of a venture Prime factors that categorize a venture as successful or unsuccessful are given below, Accounting Accounting model possess high relevance because of its wide application along with level of exposure it has encountered. International Accounting is a well defined combination of various previously followed accounting models with low inflation. Inflation rate is calculated on an annual basis that is quite easy to be evaluated is retained income of company or a nation is available. For a venture to be succssful at international level, it should possess appropriate accounting standards in its structuring. (Sale, 2004) Inflation Inflation is one of those entities that are considered as a clear representation of economic condition. This involves all economic and non-economic factors associated with the organization or nation for which inflation rate is to be calculated. Thus various factors that are related with this feature should be taken into account for its proper analysis that increases level of ambiguity. In order to explain this concept in an explicit manner, there is a need for certain standards that will help in measuring this parameter in proper format. Another factor that should be considered is that possible source of income for a venture. If income of a venture comes from diversified sources, it is more likely to become successful even if inflation rate becomes considerably high. All these features raise the need of adoption of suitable accounting measures that are guided by a particular set of standards and are capable to operate an organization successfully at international level. Shareholder Analysis Accounting also helps in taking care of shareholders that should be done in an appropriate manner, which will help in better assessment of companyacirc;â‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s present market positioning, after it has followed expansion strategy. This is because of significant impact along with high level of influence of stakeholders over organizational performance especially in financial respect. International accounting helps organization to choose best possible strategies that will assist organization in increasing shareholderacirc;â‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s interest in the company which ultimately helps organization in gaining an upper edge in competitive environment. Accounting is considered as best possible tool to perform this activity as financial examination of external entities is considered to be as best possible analysis that could be performed for current analysis of the company after various expansion tactics have been applied at international level. There is a critical need to make s ure that these accounting standards are applied in appropriate format as improper application of those may result in financial disturbance which is considered as one of the most difficult problems an organization may incur, leading to its failure. One such situation could be hyperinflation which is a result of improper application of accounting standards along with unfavorable financial analysis, when an organization faces various international constraints. This might also result in unnecessary exaggeration of certain variables that will directly make an impact over real values, hence resulting in affecting the balance within organization. Conclusion International Accounting is considered as one of the most important parameter that has to be included in the functioning of the organization or nation as it takes care of economic resources with the help of counting. This procedure is guided with the help of certain standards decided by the authority taking care of all such factors to indicate final status of the organization, i.e. successful or failure. These standards are updated on a regular basis so as to make sure there is proper synchronization between companyacirc;â‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s analysis and external factors, when an expansion effort is made in global market. As these standards are applicable at even national level, which makes it highly important for companies operating in more than one country to involve these factors in their functioning which will help these organizations in keeping an appropriate record of availability of resources. It also assists such organization to work in accordance to the local and global standar ds of functioning, which may vary from place to place hence affecting their productivity. There are a large number of factors like inflation, shareholder analysis, monetary and non-monetary issues that has to be taken into consideration because of their lofty significance in defining present condition of the organization along with its future aspects when it extend its working to global level.

In Shakespeares King Lear - Free Essay Example

In Shakespeares King Lear, Cordelia and Edgar are both characters that are undervalued and underappreciated by their parents, leading to their unconstituted banishments. Both offspring have similar unjust terms and non confrontational reactions to their exiles however they slightly differ in their extremities to the situations presented and their symbolic commentaries on human nature in the plays conclusion. To begin, both Cordelia and Edgar are unfairly banished by their parents due to their figureheads blindness along with their dishonest and corrupt siblings. Cordelia, for example, is promptly banished after not expressing her love for her father in an acceptable way. When her and her sisters are asked for a profession of their love to Lear, Goneril and Reagan both give lavish, affectionate speeches to their father, stating that they love him more than their own eyesight, ringing false from the start. However, when Cordelia is asked, she responds with the simpleton answer, Unhappy that I am, I cannot heave / My heart into my mouth. I love your majesty / According to my bond; no more nor less. (1.1 90-2). Lear feels humiliated and outraged by Cordelias unflattering response and immediately banishes her for not expressing her love in the ego-stroking way her sisters had; For we have no such daughter, and will never see the face of her again (). Here, Lear is morally blind to his two other daughters artificial and fanatical approbation, refusing to see their underlying, corrupt motives. Cordelia simply refuses to flatter her father in the excessive way her sisters had, causing Lear to turn a blind shoulder to the daughter that actually loves him, and instead reward those who clearly only use him for his wealth and power. Edgar also is subject to unjust treatment from his family. Although Edgar has done nothing to constitute suspicion in the past, when framed by his bastard brother Edmund, Gloucester, their father, immediately believes a forged letter stating that Edgar was planning on killing him. This leads Gloucester to promptly try and hunt his son down after he runs away due to Edmunds deceitful tactics; Pursue him ho! Go after. (2.1.266). Here, Gloucester fails to dwell into the issue deeper and examine the actual circumstances, with him instead blindly follow his first, insufficient piece of evidence. Gloucesters blindness to good and evil coupled with Edmunds sibling betrayal mirrors Cordelias terms of banishment. Thus, both characters are subject to unjust treatment from their families, resulting in their similar means of banishment. To continue, both Cordelia and Edgar go about their banishment with humble, yet varied actions. Cordelia, for example, after refusing to play Lears game of flattery, is ordered away by her father, leaving gracefully; Thou hast her, France: let her be thine; for we have no such daughter, nor shall ever see that face of hers again// Use well our father: to your professed bosoms I commit him. But yet, alas, stood I within his grace, I would prefer him to a better place. So, farewell to you both (1.1.322). Here, Cordelia reacts to her unfavorable circumstances with her head held high. She walks away humbly, even showing a last minute appreciation to her banisher before walking out unconfrontationaly. Edgar also reacts to his exile in a humble way, but much more intensely than Cordelia. After being banished and hunt down by his father, Edgar disguises himself as a poverty stricken beggar named Poor Tom. He vows to, grime with filth (my face), blanket my loins, elf all my hair in knots, and with presented nakedness outface (2.2.180-183). By taking on a beggars persona, Edgar sheds his nobility. He even goes as far to say that he is nothing; Edgar I nothing am (3.2.21). He completely strips his identity, literally and metaphorically, reducing himself to a state of nothing. Therefore, both Cordelia and Edgar take their banishments with different degrees of humility. Although both characters have similar terms of banishment and reactions, Cordelia and Edgar differ in their overall commentary on human nature. After Goneril and Regan betray Lear, Cordelia reflects on her love for her father, saying, O my dear father, restoration hang thy medicine on my lips, and let this kiss repair those violent harms that my two sisters have in reverence made. (5.2.26-29). After her treatment, Cordelia could choose to be bitter towards her father, however here she instead expresses sorrow and love towards him. This shows how Cordelia is a symbol of the goodness of human nature. Cordelia at the end of the novel also dies alongside her father, showing how goodness is not always rewarded, and that the universe is indifferent due to her being pure but dying regardless. On the other hand, Edgar represents the human will to live. He is completely stripped of his title and nobility when he is degraded to Poor Tom, but later becomes the champion of the play by killing Edmund and becoming one of three throne holders alongside Albany and Kent; All friends shall taste the wages of their virtue, and all foes the cup of their deservings (5.3.366-368). Here, Edgar rises up from his once completely dehumanized state to a position of great power. The man was defeated over and over again with his father banishing him, becoming Poor Tom, and having Gloucester fail to recognize him, however he rose out of his seemingly hopeless circumstances, showing the determination of survival in human nature. Both Cordilia and Edgars commentary is still applicable today due to Cordelias consistent goodness from the beginning to end of the play and her ultimate defeat along with Edgars growth as a character both in personality and power. Thus, Cordelia represents the hopelessness of an indifferent universe no matter how good peoples nature is while Edgar represents the human will to live and prosper.

Why a Student Writer is Invaluable

Why a Student Writer is InvaluableA thesis writer is not as important as a real expert, but one is invaluable when it comes to writing academic papers. Many people think that students can do what they like in the course of learning and should not be held accountable for their ideas. They do not give any value to the thesis writer, except by praising their education. That is the wrong approach to take.Writing a thesis is a part of the learning process, which requires full value from the student. The task demands a deep understanding of the subject. To write a good thesis, a good reader, who is not forced to the bottom of the paper, is needed.The only way to ensure the student writer is in demand is to provide an incentive, so that he or she is motivated to write the project in the time-line, when it is required. An example is an incentive for good grades in an exam. For an education student, that would mean a free meal for two if they get a good mark in the course. In such a case, get ting an assignment of less importance would not matter.An incentive of a job in the college will also work wonders. In fact, there is no better incentive than being able to work. This is because the temptation of a job may be too much to resist if they do not work. However, being allowed to work on a part-time basis for the benefit of your education will improve your grades.However, an incentive of extra money is even better. There are many jobs in the colleges and universities, where one is paid more than others. Therefore, employers are not worried about whether or not a student has done well in the course. So, employers prefer to hire a student with good grades, because if the student has not shown an inclination for a full-time job, then they would have to pay higher salaries. When a student is exceptional in the subject, they can get themselves into a great position, especially if they get themselves an excellent student writer. This will enable them to complete the course easi ly, which may be essential for them in their future. It will also give them more satisfaction knowing that the job is working for them.Thesis writers also help in making a fair ranking of the course based on the quality of the work. When the teaching is written by an expert in the subject, it will not be overrated in the rankings. Therefore, the best of the article should receive recognition in the rankings, which is the result of the thesis writer's work.

A Brief Note On Stress And Coping Theory - 990 Words

Stress and coping theory refers to that a stressful event put a family into crisis, the family’s perception of the event and the family’s available resources can lead families to adjust to a better or worse outcome. The family stressor can be either positive or negative (Price, Price Mckenry, 2010). Family conflict is a stressful event to a family. Every family role can potentially be a victim of violence, such as partner, elderly or a child (Gelles, 2010). There are many factors included in the stressful event, violence. Children are more likely to suffer violence from mothers, wives are having higher chances to be abused by husbands and boys have higher rates to violent siblings. Moreover, low-income households are under higher risk of experience domestic violence, minorities are also considered as having higher rates of violence, hard times in lives, including being a single parent, are also associated with more violence, socially isolated is also contributes to the problem, adults who have been abused as children are more likely to implement violence on others (Galles, 2010). There are some coping resources, such as programs, are existed for victims to get over the hard time. For instance, in Zimbabwe, 16 days session has been held to help people raise the awareness of violence (Leeder, 2004). Other programs are also available resources for family coping process. Actions taken on removing children from an abusive family, and help women found a shelter or safe placeShow MoreRelatedCoping Mechanism: The Pianist1732 Words   |  7 PagesHowever, music did not always function successfully for Szpilman as a coping mechanism. 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Terrorism Change Over The Years - 970 Words

Veronica Olivares Ms. Garvin World History 14 March 2016 Terrorism Change Over the Years Throught the years terrorism have drastically changed our point of view of the world. In the 20th century terrorist did not have that much of technology to work with including aviation. Now a days they have more methods and forms to attack countries and states. A brief definition of terrorism is a use of violence acts to scare people in an area as a way to achieve political goals. Terrorism is the cause of many wars throughout history continues to this day leading to nations; such as Iraq and the United States fighting to rid the world of this evil. The use of terrorism started in 1795 relating to the reign of terror leaded by the French Government. The reason people become terrorist is because they see it as their only choice or is a sign for defending their religion. â€Å"The personal pathway model suggests that terrorists came from a selected, at risk population, who have suffered from early damage to their self-esteem,† (p sychologist Eric D. Shaw). This explains how young adults are becoming terrorist to find themselves, also because they are not happy with who they are. Terrorist technology has changed over the course. Terrorists have a lot of different ways to attack. They often attack on big activities like marathons, festivals, train station etc†¦ One thing they use most is hijacking. When they hijack you take control of boats,Show MoreRelatedEnergy Sanctions Case Study1248 Words   |  5 Pageseconomic interest†. Energy sanctions are often implemented for reasons including human rights issues, terrorism exportation, and national aggression. Sanctions can be put on a country by just the United Sates or Internationally. 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(Starling) The issue of terrorism is that it doesn’t stop and it’s been going on for years now, and it seems that the people haven’t done much to stop this. The reasoning is that since terrorism has been a thing for a while they have probably seen everything that they can do, so by trying to fight it, it will most likely become even worse. Terrorists are attacking more relig ious people than non-religious people because they mightRead MoreThe Bombing Of The United States1168 Words   |  5 Pagesplanes were highjacked and flown into the twin towers as a suicide mission. This was the first major terrorist attack on the United States. Terrorism has taken so many innocent lives. Its an issue we deal with on a daily basis. Because of this, President George Bush took extreme measures and was very successful on the global war on terror. He made multiple changes to laws and regulations to help keep American citizens safe. Despite the extreme measures former president George Bush took, the war on terrorRead MoreEvidence Of The Changing Roles Of Women In Women And Women984 Words   |  4 Pagesspecific roles and women predominantly provided a support type role (Bakker de Leede, 2015). This was in the form of bearing children or recruiters (Bloom, 2011). This has been evolving with instances of women actively engaging in violent Islamic terrorism (Bloom, 2011) . High-profile cases of home-grown radicalisation of females of a British background like that of ‘Samantha Lewthwaite’ and Sally Jones’ could be examples of a new breed of female terrorist (Bakkers de Leede, 2015; Berkowitz LingRead MoreDomestic Terrorism : A National Assessment Of State And Local Preparedness Essay1595 Words   |  7 PagesHoffman published their study Domestic Terrorism: A National Assessment of State and Local Preparedness to examine the issues and problems state and local law enforcement agencies faced while dealing with the threat of terrorism in the United States. More specifically, researchers sought to identify how agencies at those two different levels perceived the terrorist threat in the United States, as well as learning how those agencies manage the threat of terrorism and plan and organize their responseRead MoreLiving With Terrorism Essay1027 Words   |  5 Pages Terrorism has been in existence for ages, and is still relatively difficult to define. Though the word terror is clear, when it becomes applied to acts, or actors, it becomes confusing. A definition that can be retrieved from Google is â€Å"the use of violence and intimidation in the pursuit of political aims†. This gives a vague idea of what terrorism truly is. A more in-depth definition of terrorism would include characteristics such as, a crime of holy duty, a political tactic or strategy, an inexcusable

Foreshadowing in Toni Morrisons Beloved - Foreshadowing...

Foreshadowing in Belovednbsp;nbsp; nbsp; In the novel Beloved, Toni Morrison addresses many broad themes and issues that are continually reoccurring throughout the book.nbsp; Morrison uses each one of the characters to aid in the development of her novel.nbsp; Sethe, Denver, and Beloved, all main characters in this book, represent many of the large issues.nbsp; One of the major themes in the novel is portrayed with the falling of Beloved, Sethe, and Denver in the ice-skating scene.nbsp; In the second section of Beloved, Morrison uses the dramatic ice-skating scene to foreshadow the deterioration of the relationships with in the family that occurs with the loss of Sethes job. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; The ice-skating†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Not long after the ice-skating scene we see how Sethe begins to fall. Sethes first major stumble deals with the loss of her job.nbsp; For many years Sethe was an extremely hard worker at a restaurant in town and never missed a day of work in her life. However, after Beloved started becoming more dependent upon Sethe, demanding more and more from her mother, Sethe found it nearly impossible to maintain a job.nbsp; Sethe played games all day long with Beloved and she took to going to work later and later each day until the predictable happened: Sawyer, her boss, told her not to come back (240).nbsp; With the termination from Sethes job resulted in a feeling of apathy. Sethe wished to put all of her time and energy into Beloveds happiness because of the terrible guilt she had inside.nbsp; Sethe felt extremely ashamed for killing her daughter. Therefore, Sethe would do anything for Beloved. Anything Belove d was craving, Sethe made sure her daughter received. Beloved took advantage of her mothers behavior and drained her of everything.nbsp; HoursShow MoreRelatedToni Morrisons Beloved Essay868 Words   |  4 Pagessubstantial damage to a person’s psychological development. Linda Krumholz in the African American Review claims the book Beloved by Toni Morrison aids the nation in the recovery from our traumatic history that is blemished with unfortunate occurrences like slavery and intolerance. While this grand effect may be true, one thing that is absolute is the lesson this book preaches. Morrison’s basic message she wanted the reader to recognize is that life happens, people get hurt, but to let the negative experiencesRead MoreEssay on The Song of Solomon2983 Words   |  12 Pages Book Title Song of Solomon Author Toni Morrison Summary The first black boy ever born in Mercy Hospital in a town in Michigan comes into the world the day after an insurance agent named Robert Smith kills himself by trying to â€Å"fly† from the roof of the hospital across Lake Superior. The boys mother, Ruth, nurses him until he is eight or nine years old, thus earning him the ridiculous nickname Milkman. Milkman befriends an older boy named Guitar, visits his Aunt Pilate, and falls in love withRead MoreEssay about A Mercy Notes4980 Words   |  20 PagesSome notes for Toni Morrisons novel A Mercy (2008)      Part 1: Page and chapter numbers by day for the current edition we are using:      Date   Chapters   Old numbers   New Numbers   Day 30, Weds. 11/14/12   1-4   1-66   3-78   Day 31, Fri., 11/16/12   5-8   67-134   79-158   Day 32, Mon 11/19/12   9-12   135-167   159-196      Part 2: Chronology of Events   Before the story begins, the Blacksmith’s male line has passed down from father to son the art of smelting ore into iron in Africa in termite mines.   The Blacksmith

What Are The Withdrawal Symptoms - 816 Words

HPE RESEARCH QUESTIONS 1. What are the withdrawal symptoms? 2. What support is available for teenagers who are addicted? 3. What strategies could Teenagers use to combat peer pressure? WHAT ARE COCAINE WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS? The most commonly cited Gawin and Kleber undertook study into cocaine withdrawal in 1986. Using data collected from 30 cocaine-dependent outpatients, the investigators reported three distinct phases ( crash , withdrawal and extinction ) of the withdrawal process: †¢ Phase one, the crash , developed rapidly following abrupt cessation of heavy cocaine use and was characterised by acute dysphoria, irritability and anxiety, increased desire for sleep, exhaustion, increased appetite, decreased craving to use.†¦show more content†¦The 2008 National Survey on Drug Use and Health estimates that about 0.7 percent of kids over the age of 12 used cocaine in the month prior to the survey and another 0.1 percent abused crack in the same time period. Many parents have enrolled their teens into a program called Teen Challenge to help those with a teen drug addiction. This program is extremely successful and transforming the lives of Teens who are addicted to drugs and alcohol. Teen Challenge is designed to help teens turn their lives around, rebuild relationships and, most of all, break the cycle of addiction and not relapse. A by-product of this life rebuilding process is a reduction in drug and alcohol crime in the community. What strategies could teenagers use to combat peer pressure? A very simple and probably the most basic one would be to stop hanging out with the people that do drugs and force peer pressure upon you. Teenagers should surround themselves with good people and that will help them become a better person and deal with peer pressure and will most likely shape what kind of person they’ll become in the future but not only that but even shaping the future career wise is always a possibility. Parents can play a huge role in the difference of their child becoming a drug addict because of peer pressure or them living up to their expectations simply by guiding them in the right direction and maybe keep a closer eye out on them wont do any harm although teenagers

Education Is The For A Country - 1197 Words

For a country that places such a huge emphasis on being educated, it is incomprehensible for some to imagine why such a large number of people take accessible education for granted. Many have the idea that this is due to people having become lazy over time. I, however, believe that this disinterest in education is due primarily to the singular way in which everyone is expected to learn. Education is formally defined as, â€Å"the process of receiving or giving systematic instruction, especially at a school or university† (â€Å"Education† def. 1). To have education is to acquire information in a way that follows structured procedure. One flaw in following this definition exclusively is that it fails to acknowledge other ways in which a person can learn effectively. In the United States, education is thought of in a very black and white manner. To be educated is to go to a traditional school to learn math, science, history, English for approximately 14 years; add anothe r 4 years of higher education, and only then is someone truly educated. Although this is considered to be the most effective path, the average person will graduate from a traditional high-school having forgotten most of what they were taught. Even when considering this, it remains more acceptable for someone to graduate school having forgotten most of what they learned, than for someone to thoroughly educate themselves about a topic in a non-traditional setting. Although I do agree that it is beneficial for everyoneShow MoreRelatedEducation and Country Development1006 Words   |  4 PagesCONSIDER THE IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION TO A COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT Education is the procedure of acquiring knowledge. Everyone would concur that education is the fundamental means of life. It’s objective is to mentally, physically, and emotionally promote the person by putting them in a better place then they were previously in before. Proper education comes in many different forms. Granted it is important to study the essential academic courses including reading, writing, arithmetic, science, andRead MoreEducation Is The Best Country Essay1439 Words   |  6 PagesHave you ever wondered why our country is ranked low in comparison to other countries when it comes to education? Our country is said to be the best country in the world; yet when one takes a closer look on our system, defects are bound to be found. Take a look at our education for instance. We have the least productive schools in the nation. The truth is that the board of education has dumbed down the system due to a decrease in testing averages. The educational system has not remained the sameRead MoreThird World Countries Education788 Words   |  4 PagesChildren in Trouble The object of education, is to prepare young children to educate themselves throughout their lives, but schools in third world countries do not have this opportunity. The third world education system needs first world help. However, the first world is not fulfilling their global responsibilities to help these countries. Children in third world counties, such as Haiti and Papa New Guinea, deserve a better education and more support. Education in the third world faces challengesRead MoreThe Differences Between Countries And Education980 Words   |  4 Pages The differences of countries also affect their system of education. Education is really important to every single person in all parts of the world. Philippines is a country that was influenced a lot by the United States. Although this may be true, the system of education in both countries is different. The standards of education in the United States are higher than most of the countries. However, the secondary education in the Ph ilippines is approved by the government to change to a curriculum likeRead MoreParagraph On Education Within Countries1040 Words   |  5 PagesEducation within Countries Many people have always thought, that the United States of America has always been ahead of every other country in the world. Whether it is in the economy, army, or in the educational field people think that the U.S is superior. What people do not know is that we are not the only country out there. The United States might be greater and better in quality in some areas, but education is definitely not. We are the U.S and we struggle because we want to! because we are lazyRead MoreEducation Barriers Of Poor Countries1971 Words   |  8 PagesNatasha Juvera Professor Martineau English 122 3 April 2016 Education Barriers in Poor Countries According to a new UNESCO policy paper 58 million children aged 6 to 11 are not receiving any education. Over 40% of these children will never enter a classroom (Unesco.org). In Afghanistan, President Hamid Karzai said, â€Å"almost half of school-age children do not have access to education. Some because of war or their schools have closed by the Taliban or others, or they do not have the ability to go toRead MoreThe Wealth of a Country and Education Essay2242 Words   |  9 PagesThe connections among wealth and poverty, housing and education and war and crime are apparent when looking at the data provided from the Atlas of the Real World. The wealth of a country is a key factor in the success of the education system. If a country can afford to maintain and develop their education system, the people will benefit. It is crucial to understand the general statistics of each: wealth and poverty; housing and education; and war and crime before analyzing how each connects withRead Mor eEducation is Key to the Development of a Country Essay1204 Words   |  5 Pagesof a country is not measured by the literacy rate of the country or number of people who are educated. One cannot say that a country is developed and progressive only by taking account of its literacy rate. There are many other factors like peace, security and stable economy which are also responsible for economic development and progress of a country. Srilanka is a country with 91.2 % literacy rate (UNICEF). This literacy rate is highest among the other South-Asian countries but the country is stillRead MoreThe Importance Of Education For A Country s Development1547 Words   |  7 PagesDiscuss the importance of education to a country’s development. Now day s education playsa very vital role in our lives.Education gain under the guidance of others, but it memorizesMay also train themselves.It is commonly divided into phases such as pre-school, elementary school, secondary school and after that college or university.A right has been recognized by governments. The foundation of a country becomes strong with a high literacy ratio; society also becomes well civilized and broadmindedRead MoreWhy Education Is Important For Developing Countries Essay1570 Words   |  7 PagesName: Title: Institution: Education is very essential in advancing the lives of many people in developing nations; diverse partners and governments have teamed up to bolster the advancement of essential education in developing countries. Education is broadly viewed as the course to financial flourishing, the way to logical and innovative headway, the way to battle unemployment, the establishment of social value, and the spread of political and social imperatives (Chapman Austin, 2002). While progress

The North And South Fought The Civil War - 811 Words

Suppose you are taking a course on 19th-century America, and the instructor hands out the following essay assignment: Compare and contrast the reasons why the North and South fought the Civil War. You turn on the computer and type out the following: The North and South fought the Civil War for many reasons, some of which were the same and some different. This weak thesis restates the question without providing any additional information. You will expand on this new information in the body of the essay, but it is important that the reader know where you are heading. A reader of this weak thesis might think, â€Å"What reasons? How are they the same? How are they different?† Ask yourself these same questions and begin to compare Northern and Southern attitudes (perhaps you first think, â€Å"The South believed slavery was right, and the North thought slavery was wrong†). Now, push your comparison toward an interpretation—why did one side think slavery was right and the other side think it was wrong? You look again at the evidence, and you decide that you are going to argue that the North believed slavery was immoral while the South believed it upheld the Southern way of life. You write: While both sides fought the Civil War over the issue of slavery, the North fought for moral reasons while the South fought to preserve its own institutions. Now you have a working thesis! Included in this working thesis is a reason for the war and some idea of how the two sidesShow MoreRelatedThe Civil War the Real Reason830 Words   |  4 PagesThe Civil War:The Real ReasonWhat was the Civil War  The Civil War began April 12, 1861 with the attacks of Fort Sumter, and did not end until April 9, 1865 with the surrender of General Robert E. Lee of the Confederate Army. Over 620,000 died in the war, along with disease killing twice as many as those lost in battle. 50,000 survivors returned home as amputees. So why was this war fought?A common misconception   It is a commonly held view that President Lincoln fought the Civil War to free the slavesRead MoreSilent Sam, By Julia Craven908 Words   |  4 PagesSilent Sam is a memorial in the middle of the University of North Carolina’s campus built to honor students who left school and fought in the Civil War. The Civil War was a war between the northern and southern states fought o ver slavery. Many students now think that the statue is offensive because the people that it honors fought for the South and supported slavery. Silent Sam was erected in 1913 for 321 UNC students who fought in the Civil War. It’s called Silent Sam because he has no ammunition soRead MoreAnalysis Of James Mcpherson s What They Fought For 1861-1865 933 Words   |  4 PagesJames McPherson the author of What They Fought For 1861-1865, thesis states that the soldiers from both the North and South fought for a large extent for ideology, and not exclusively as brothers in war with other soldiers, for principles of strength or courage, and for the nations of honor and duty. McPherson uses hundreds of letters and diaries from soldiers from both the Union and Confederate troops to show their experience. He tries to focus on a variety of attitudes and motives from the volunteerRead MoreThe Civil War Was Fought Over African American Freedom1331 Words   |  6 Pagesquestioned what was the cause of the civil war. Till this day there has not been a straightforward answer, but many people still have different views and beliefs o n what caused it. Many people believe that political issues or even taxation was the cause of the civil war. However, it was really over slavery. This essay will go over the civil war and explain why slavery caused the southerners and northerners to fight in the civil war. To what extent was the Civil War fought over African American freedom Read MoreThe Civil War : The Battle Of Antietam969 Words   |  4 Pagesthere was a war that happened that caused many people to die in the war, which was Civil War. The Civil War was a war that was fought between the Union and Confederate parts of United States. The Union was in the North, and the Confederates were in the South. There were many reasons why the battles were fought. During the Civil War, the president was Abraham Lincoln. There were many reasons why the war was fought, but the main reason was to keep the country together. Before the war, the North and SouthRead MoreThe Civil War Was A Devastating Time For The United States Of America883 Words   |  4 PagesThe Civil War was a devastating time for the United States of America. During this time the United States was divided. The Civil War was a four year long battle. It is known as one of the bloodiest battles ever fought. Consequently it was fough t between people of the same country. We were divided between the North and the South. The cause of the Civil War was slavery. The North was against it and wanted slavery abolished. On the other hand the South did not want to part with slavery. Both the NorthRead MoreArticle Analysis: The Way We Lived by FM Binder and DM Reimers924 Words   |  4 Pagesarticles on Civil war that tend to dispel many myths about this period in history. There was the popular belief that Civil war was essentially fought on the grounds of justice and that eradication of slavery was the main reason. But the article shatters that myth to reveal that Civil war had many other purposes as well and its main objective was not end of slavery. Civil war was mainly fought as a show of power between the south and the north and its main objective was to subjugate the south so thatRead MoreJust War Theory and the Movie Glory913 Words   |  4 PagesMovie Review – The Just War Theory and â€Å"Glory† RS-289-WB - Religion, War Peace Glory is a movie that reenacts the formation of the first Negro infantry, the 54th Massachusetts, during the Civil War. Led by Colonel Robert Gould Shaw, the volunteer Massachusetts infantry endured grueling training and strict discipline. Under his watchful eye, they slowly transformed from being wild and unruly to proud, courageous, and patriotic soldiers. Although the North believed in the abolition of slaveryRead MoreCauses of the American Civil War Essay1118 Words   |  5 Pagesversion of the civil war and even now I am just coming to a full understanding of the truth. The civil war was a terrible rift in our nation, fought between the northern states (known as the union) and the southern states (the Confederate States of America). The people’s opinions were so divided over the issues of the civil war that, in some families, brother was pit against brother. Eventually, the south succumbed to the north and surrendered on April 9th, 1865 but not before the war had ca used 618Read MorePrimary Causes Of The Civil War820 Words   |  4 Pagesand standpoints on why the Civil War had been fought but the primary reason why the Civil War started over uncompromisable differences between free Southern states and pro-slavery Northern states and their controversy over government power and slave laws. Fought during April of 1861 to 1865, the Civil War had divided the country into a frenzy against each other. In fact, a devastating 620,000 soldiers had died from accident, combat, starvation and disease, the deadliest war in American history. To add

Trademark Protection and E-Commerce-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Trademark Protection and E-Commerce. Answer: Introduction Intellectual property (IP) is a statutory term that refers to the industrial property rights. It deals with the protection of trademark, copyrights, designs and patents rights. Despite being intangible, it holds significant value similar to the tangible or physical property. The value of the IP rights have enhanced owing to its relevance in advanced technology of the contemporary era. IP includes original expressions, new ideas, distinctive appearance and names that make a product valuable and unique. IP is closely related to e-commerce as more than any other business systems, e-commerce includes selling of services and products that mostly related to IP and its licensing. For instance, music, software, photos, designs, etc are all traded through e-commerce and IP being the main component of such services and products it holds great importance[1]. The research paper aims at analyzing two jurisdictions in the context of International treaties, impact of the online commerce in the enha nced utility of Trademark as a means of a brand protection. It shall also discuss how online commerce affects some aspects of rights enforcement by stakeholders. The two different jurisdictions include China and USA and this paper shall determine the interdependence of the e-commerce and intellectual property at the international level. The rationale for selecting the two jurisdictions is that USA is one of the economic superpower of the world and China is considered as the upcoming economic superpower and protection of IP rights, in particular, trademark law is a fundamental element of a successful economy. The two nations are globally recognized for their excellent centers for trade and commerce. China and Trademark protection China first enacted legislation on trademark of the country in 1950 and 1963. The trademark legislation in 1963 became effective in 1980 when the country became a state party to the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). The domestic statutes that govern the trademarks laws in the country include the Trademark Law 2013 and the Implementing Regulation of the Trademark Law 2014[2]. While the enactment of the Trademark law, there was no specific definition of what constituted a trademark and did not include any precise definition of the terms collective marks, or service marks[3]. At the time of enactment of the trademark legislation in the country, majority of the Chinese companies were owned by the state due to which the competition and infringement of services and products were very less. The emergence of a market economy in China and the gradual rise in the competition between the services and goods led several companies to imitate the reputable service marks of other companies. Consequently, this led to unfair confusion and competition, which eventually affected the reputation of the original owners of such marks. This is one significant reason why the country enacted legislations to safeguard the trademark rights. The Trademark Law describes a registered trademark as one that has been registered and approved. Subsequent to the registration of the trademark, the registrant becomes entitled to the legal protection of the trademark exclusively. Although the law does not prevent the use of a trademark that is not registered, only that such trademark is excluded from the legal protection that is otherwise accorded to a registered trademark. Since the trademark law of the country, do not provide any precise definition of the term trademark, it provides that designs, words or combination of the two may be used as trademarks which should be distinctive to be distinguishable from other words, designs or combination of both[4]. Therefore, in general, any mark that is used as a trademark refers to a mark that is distinct and different from other forms of marks. Registered trademark is denoted with an encircled letter R and the validity of registered trademark lasts until 10 years subsequent to its approval. The first amendment of the 1993 Trademark law extended protection to include service marks and making all the legal provisions applicable to trademarks to be equally applicable to service marks. However, despite such extension, neither the statute nor the amendment defined service marks or trademarks. This omission distinguishes the Trademark law from other regional intellectual property laws and Chinese intellectual property laws. China and International treaties China is a signatory to the following IP-related international treaties include the Madrid Agreement, the Madrid Protocol, the Berne Convention, the Nice Agreement, the Agreement on Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights and the Paris Convention[5]. In case of any dispute, international treaties shall prevail over the national statutes[6]. The country agreed to the international treaties to strengthen the trademark laws of the country especially the Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks (Madrid Agreement) and the International Convention for the Protection of Industrial property (Paris Convention) in 1989[7]. However, Turban (2018) states that despite persisting broadcast by the country of his intellectual property laws and assenting to international treaties, the trademark laws of the country failed to provide sufficient protection to the trademark rights[8]. Further, there is sufficient evidence to establish that China failed to provide maximum benefits to the foreigners from its membership in those Foreign or International conventions[9]. United States and International treaties on Trademark protection While the agreement of the country with the Paris Convention obligated China to safeguard service marks, there were no such methods implemented until the trademark laws was amended in 1993. Giuffrida (2017) states that as per a US trade organization, the International Intellectual Property Alliance estimated that the country has caused a loss of $415 million to the US industries due to the failure of the county to safeguard US intellectual property adequately which resulted in sale of printed goods in the year 1988. In 1991, the US government decided that the country warranted a Special 301 investigation under Title III of the Trade Act of 1974 for its failure to implement intellectual property protections. In order to prevent further loss in US businesses, United States and China signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) in January 1992 whereby both countries agreed to make the laws on infringement of intellectual property rights. Later, the United States agreed to terminate the Special 301 investigations and removed China from its list of priority countries. The Chinese legislators considered amendment of the trademark law to address issues pertaining to protection of service marks, registration of trademarks by deceptive means and the using administrative regions as the name of trademark. Trademarks owned by big US companies that spent large amounts of capital, resources and labor to develop them can be stolen easily through internet or using other means[10]. The Trademark Treaties and International Law (TTIL) Committee include treaties of the US and other foreign countries as well as that of intergovernmental organizations, regulations, statutes or rules that are related to copyright, trademark or patents, unfair competition which are likely to affect the US companies[11]. The US law applicable to trademarks includes the regulations of the US Trademark law, Rule of Practice, Federal Statutes, 15 U.S.C and 35 U.S.C. 1. The secondary sources include Trademark Manual of Examining Procedure 2009 as well as the Listing of Some US Code Sections Protecting Specific Names, Marks and Terms 2009. In regards to the international treaties to which the US is a signatory is the General Inter-American Convention for Trademark and Commercial Protection [1931]. The Federal registration of the trademarks is not valid outside the country. Trademarks rights are territorial and right pertaining to particular trademark exist only within the country that has granted such rights. The US has not signed the Madrid Agreement unlike China, as the international application depended upon the national registration. In other words, the US trademark registration was much longer compared to other nations. The US has faced one essential problem with the Protocol with respect to the description of goods. Where the domestic trademark law of the US requires applicants to enumerate the goods and services associated with the mark specifically, other countries permit for wider association of marks with the goods and services. In fact, the International registration under the Madrid Protocol permits the scope of the trademark protection to rely upon the basic registration. Therefore, US registrants are restricted to the strict association of marks and goods require d by US law. In 2016, the Chinese Government published the draft of its first E-commerce law that aimed at including all the major characteristics of e-commerce, which includes payment and delivery methods as well. The law purports to fortify IP rights and to rebuke the retailers of the fake products and the persons committing infringements. As per the statistical reports, China e- commerce Research center exhibits that the trading volume of e-commerce market in China reached 7.85 trillion RMB in 2012 and 10.5 trillion RMB in 2013. In 2017, the Standing Committee of the National Peoples Congress published the second draft of the e-commerce law which aimed at regulating the rapidly growing e-commerce sector and thus, facilitate growth and maintain market order as well as to eliminate counterfeits and scams. E-commerce law: China and USA At present, the most active e-commerce websites concentrate on the industries like apparel, horticulture, agriculture, textile, machinery and equipment, digital household appliances, food and wine, hardware and tools, pharmaceuticals and healthcare[12]. In addition to this growing online trend, the provisions pertaining to protection of intellectual property rights in the online sphere is being subjected to variety of challenges. According to Cheung, Ming and Cheng-Fu Yang (2016), the important aspects of e-commerce that distinguishes it from the conventional economic model is a hub for transaction and information. In other words, it is the network that is differentiates the modern e-commerce oriented economy from the traditional economy of the country. Therefore, the complete transaction process including the payment, information transfer and the delivery of physical commodities that usually occur and are completed concurrently in the conventional form of transactions[13]. This enti re process is differentiated in e-commerce and is completed due to the participation of several service providers. Kotabe (2014) states that these differences result in two types trademark infringement issues in e-commerce. Firstly, majority of the issues take place in the technological data sectors. In regards to the traditional economic mode, transactions are often associated with physical goods like circulation and display of such goods[14]. The definition of trademark law in the light of traditional infringement is based on the characteristics that transactions are associated with physical products directly. For instance, using of trademarks on goods, selling counterfeit goods, etc. On the other hand, Turban (2018) asserts that the e-commerce mode provides information online. Besides the availability of massive information online, identifying, selecting and determining trading partners had become fundamental requisites for conducting a complete transaction, which is equally important as the product itself. The issue that may arise is whether the new form of using trademark that deals with tra nsaction information shall amount to infringement of trademark. Secondly, the other significant issue that may arise is related to the joint infringement of trademark that is, to determine the join liability in such trademark violations. This issue may arise due to the inseparable support that third party service providers extend in every transactions sector, making it one of the significant challenges in e-commerce infringement. Due to global limitations of e-commerce and its rapid growth, the regulation of e-commerce has become an intricate issue. The third party service providers in e-commerce transactions had given rise to joint infringement issues[15]. E-commerce commerce has increased the utility of Trade Marks as a means of brand protection: China and USA The term brand protection refers to online marketplace. It means preventing someone from illegally selling or making a product using a brand name that is owned by another company[16]. Branding is an important means for businesses all around the world that aims to expand their market share in other countries. One of the effective ways to establish a strong relationship between consumers and its brand is to use a unique as well as a simple name: its trademark. While selecting a trademark, it is important to avert any sort of similarity and confusion regarding the name that has been registered ready. If identical trademarks are used in correlation with identical products, it is likely to give rise o confusion. In the context of international law, TRIPS Agreement deals with this problem under Article [16(1)], which states that the use of identical sign for identical services or goods may give rise to confusion and there is no requirement to establish such confusion by providing evidence as it will entitle the owner of the original trademark to full protection[17]. The negative impact of trademark infringement has led the governments undertake measures to reduce such incidence of trademark violations. Liu (2016) states that if a reputed brand is affected by several infringements such as counterfeiters place goods of inferior quality using the brand name of the original otherwise reputed company, the consumers of the brand will lose their faith and confidence in that brand, affecting both the financial as well as social reputation of the company[18]. There have been a rise in the online shopping compared to shopping from local stores and malls in the past years. There are three types of e-commerce namely, business-to-business (B2B), business-to-customer (B2C) and customer-to-customer (C2C). At present, there has been an incline in the B2c and C2C e-commerce type prevalent in China and in the US as well due to the availability of several websites and platforms, which makes such business transactions easy and convenient. E-commerce makes cross-border commerce easy and convenient as well which makes the seller and buyer gain profits[19]. However, Cheung (2018) states that with such profits and convenience relevant issues and threats also accompany such profits. The counterfeiters target certain brands more than the other brands, especially those having higher value, luxury brands dealing with designer accessories attracts more counterfeiters. Social media has become a common and easy means for the brands to enhance their customers and sales. In the absence of any effective regulations, counterfeiter uses this medium to promote their products in a zero-cost and efficiently by impersonating official brands through their personal profiles. Additionally, the counterfeiters continue to sell their fake luxury items using e-commerce websites, marketplace listings, etc. This implies that effective protection of IP rights is of great significance especially for foreign companies that are less familiar with Chinese market because Chinese e-commerce can be both intimidating and challenging at the same time[20]. China presents certain specific challenges for the owners of trademarks because in order to enter into a Chinese market, it is important that the owners adjust their brand protection strategies for addressing the problems related to Chinese counterfeits so that they can adapt to the special challenges presented by enforcement in China[21]. Successful enforcement is based on the assessment of the scope of brand infringement, which would be an efficient strategy for action and well-prepared documentation[22]. In order to create an effective enforcement strategy, it is important to comprehend the market places that allure most traffic and such market places should be subjected to constant monitoring to ensure that the products sold are legitimate. China initiated efforts to improve the protection of the IP rights and adapt to international standards when China ratified the bilateral Agreement on Trade Relations between the United States of America and Peoples Republic of China and became a signatory to the WIPO. Subsequent to the economic development, Chinese Government has been attempting to undertake effective measures to avert violation of IP rights like the recent Draft of E-Commerce law, Amendment in the Trademark Law in 2014, development of new policies against trademark infringement and an Action Plan for implementing national IP strategy[23]. The amendments in the Trademark law ensures a stronger and stringent protection system for trademarks owners as it has made proof of infringement easier and has empowered the courts to obtain accounting books of the infringer to calculate the damages. Statutory damages have been enhanced from RMB 500,000 to RMB 3,000,000. The USA pressurized China to improve its IPR protection system and some other essential International Conventions like the Paris Conventions and the Madrid agreement. However, Luo (2016) states that despite such efforts to improve the IPRs protection system and compliance with the provisions of the TRIPS agreement and WTO obligation, China failed to fulfill certain obligations to implementing effective ad stringent IP rights rules. Nica (2015) argues that the US Trade Representative (USTR) used twenty federal agencies to evaluate the activities of China. It was found that China had limited market access to foreign enterprises and goods and lacked transparency, which signified weak enforcement of IPRs. The US Chamber of Commerce and International Intellectual Property Alliance (IIPA) stated that China failed to reduce counterfeiting since its accession to WTO and there was lack of transparency with respect to IPR infringement data rule making and enforcement procedures. Through the mandatory WTO dispute settlement process, the US filed formal complaints against China in 2007 alleging that Chinas criminal prosecution for trademark infringement was declared void. In 2009, China notified WTO Dispute Settlement Body and US that it would require a reasonable period of time that is one year. Within 2010, China affirmed that it has satisfied the requirements that have made amendments in the trademarks regulations. E-commerce has undermined some aspects of rights enforcement by stakeholders China Due to the rapid growth in online commerce, the right owners often face with respect to trademark enforcement is sale of parallel imported goods in the sphere of e-commerce[24]. The goods include those that are though genuine, but they are sold in other countries[25]. Even majority of enforcement authorities or court put such issues to one side. In other words, the courts or the enforcement authorities are careful while determining whether such conduct amounts to violation of infringement. This attitude of courts is evident from the landmark case Victorias Secret v Shanghai Jin Tian[26] that was held for trial in the Shanghai Second Intermediate Peoples Court. However, in certain cases the courts may consider more factors such as Michelin v Tan Guoqiang[27] etc. In this case, the Changsha Intermediate Peoples Court stated that considering the security of transactions through e-commerce, the tire quality is directly associated with the property and personal safety of the passengers and the drivers[28]. Therefore, the tire manufacturers will usually produce as well as sell the tire that satisfies various geographic, climate and complete standard requirements in countries of sale. Similarly, there may be safety concerns but it still violates the legal provisions of China, hence, should be forbidden by law. Hence, Nemeth (2017) states that this case aimed at stating the principle that unauthorized sale may affect the interests of the trademark owner irrespective of the fact who manufactured the products. Chinese consumers are very conscious and perceive trademark as emblems of reputation of a firm and ensured management standard. Trademark recognition often encourages consumers to purchase a product. Therefore, trademark of products highly affects the consumers in China. Alternatively, Friedmann (2016) asserts that deceptive and manipulative use of trademarks are often used to pass fake goods as genuine good, which ultimately will have an adverse impact on the trademark holders. Hence, Chinese officials are justified in considering the trademark laws of the country to be playing a significant role in promoting the commodity economy of the country to ensure product quality and safeguarding consumer interests. The acts amounting to infringement include selling of products on e-commerce platforms, which can only be sold directly as per agreement. It includes selling of products online, which is otherwise required to be sold certain regional territory as per its agreements. Further, there are instances where luxury products with luxury brand name are sold on e-commerce whereas the selling of such goods is restricted to specific circumstances that are subjected to restrictions of the trademark owners[29]. Pras (2016) criticizes the lacunae in the trademark status of the country which fails to stipulates whether such statutes are legitimate or not. In the absence of any legal provision that renders such acts or conducts or omission as violation of the trademark law, the trademark owners face challenge with respect to their trademark protection on the internet. Further, in Nippon Company case, brought in Shanghai and Jiangsu province, the courts in both the regions stated that the defendants did not commit infringements on the ground that acts amounted to the fair use of Nippon trademarks[30]. Generally, most of the cases that are brought before the courts require determination of whether the using of others trademarks in the decoration of online amounts to trademark infringement. While determining such cases, the courts usually consider whether such use was proper and fair or whether it would confuse the public or whether such use will cause damages to the trademark owners. USA In the US, the sudden increase of user-generated content on the Internet, the competition among the advertisers and the propagation of domain name registration in order to draw attention of visitors to their respective websites, has pressurized the trademark owners to police their online use of e trademarks by third party[31]. Competitors, consumers and others are posting advertisements, posts, content on internet in which they are freely using the trademarks for their personal purposes that are originally owned by some other parties. According to Pras (2016), anyone who uses a trademark without the permission of the owner should be aware of its liability for infringing the trademark rights. Nemeth (2017) disagrees that any person who uses the unauthorized trademark of another person, such user does not become liable for infringement of trademark. The trademark owners must be able to diligently monitor the use of their trademark online and identify the difference between uses that amounts to infringement and uses that requires further monitoring and harmless uses, which should be ignored, but they do not amount to infringement. In order to safeguard trademarks from being used by others under circumstances where the use of the trademark leads to confusion, the Federal Trademark statute, the Lanham Act has been enacted. This statute created a cause of action of cyber piracy which is also known as cyber squatting that takes place when a person uses a domain name that is confusingly similar or identical to the trademark owned by the original owner. Therefore, using trademark of another party misleadingly or deliberately to deceive the consumers shall hold the person committing such infringement liable irrespective of the fact whether the trademark infringed gives rise to traditional infringement claim or it enjoys a federal trademark registration. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be inferred that China has not only made amendments to the trademark law, China has improved regulation of its e-commerce market by issuing a specific E-commerce law. The e-commerce platforms shall have particular duties and obligations among which they shall guarantee products quality, use service agreements, consumers protection, and trade policies, which regulate their relationship with customers and operators. In the context of trademark law, China and USA aims at maintaining transparency in the e-commerce platforms. Contracts shall be clearly displayed and made available on the platform website that would be filed with authorities. In the event of any modifications, any stakeholder shall be able to comment and any such operator shall have the opportunity to disagree with the modifications or leave the platform[32]. Trademark infringement and counterfeiting has always remain a significant concern for foreign brands that are willing to expand their business in China owing to rapidly growing Chinese e-commerce market. Given that IP rights are subjected to violation over the internet, in particular, provisions must be included in the e-commerce law that addresses issues pertaining to brand protection and unfair competition[33]. This will set out the unauthorized acts or omissions that amount to unfair competition, thus, fortifying the protection of the intellectual property rights. Since 2012, Chinese Government has been trying to enhance IPR protection in the country for which the country has established IP courts along with other relevant improvements. The other advancement in order to safeguard IPR protection includes enhanced supervisions and support by administrative authorities, growing importance of civil litigation and criminal enforcement of trademark infringements. 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